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Interjection im/perfective Rus - Croatian | ||
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 Language Learning Forum : Questions About Your Target Languages |  | |
| Марк Senior Member Russian Federation Joined 5001 days ago 2096 posts - 2972 votes  Speaks: Russian* | Message 9 of 19 16 January 2014 at 7:54am | IP Logged | |||||
Really? If it were the case, we would use the perfective aspect. The emphasis is on not to do the action at all. When we say Не читай эту книгу we mean Don't even start reading the book, not don't finish the book. The perfective is used in warnings, which is natural. 4 persons have voted this message useful | ||||||
| Evanitious Triglot Newbie France Joined 4464 days ago 36 posts - 39 votes Speaks: French*, EnglishC1, Italian | Message 10 of 19 16 January 2014 at 11:10am | IP Logged | |||||
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Hey thanks for your replies. I think I'm starting to understand.
If I understand correctly, in this case : "Look, I have to tell you something, I... hey look what this guy's doing !" the first "look" would be "smotri" and the second "posmotri" ? But in another context, if a person is bothering me and I start to feel irritated I could say : "Look/listen, I have to tell you something" and I would use "posmotri/poslushai" "wait ! where are you going ?" (just asking where the person is going) = imperfective but it could be the perfective (implying "I haven't finished talking to you"). (in a car) "wait ! someone is crossing the street right now !" = perfective "podojdi!" I have another (stupid) example lol but I think it's helpful. "see this picture, see it now ?!" (tearing off the picture). first is "smotri", second is "posmotri" ? "smotri ! a teper' posmotri !" Or I could say only "see this picture ?" (watch carefully what I'm about to do) and just tear it off, in this case I'd use "posmotri".
In the following case then, if the person is not listening or watching something else. Couldn't I use "pogledaj" ?
Edited by Evanitious on 16 January 2014 at 11:11am 1 person has voted this message useful | ||||||
| Evanitious Triglot Newbie France Joined 4464 days ago 36 posts - 39 votes Speaks: French*, EnglishC1, Italian | Message 11 of 19 16 January 2014 at 11:48am | IP Logged | |||||
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That being said... I still find it pretty tricky to get when the interjection is used alone, especially with "look !", to be honest I don't get why sometimes they use the perfective or not, seems interchangeable regarding the scene, or maybe it's too subtle for me :\ Maybe with what I've learned today, I'll be more careful and it'll be easier to understand next time I hear something like this in an episode.
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| Chung Diglot Senior Member Joined 7101 days ago 4228 posts - 8259 votes 20 sounds Speaks: English*, French Studies: Polish, Slovak, Uzbek, Turkish, Korean, Finnish | Message 12 of 19 16 January 2014 at 4:38pm | IP Logged | |||||
Actually that reasoning makes more sense. Don't do the action at all, let alone do it to completion. Nevertheless the tendency in neutrality is still there: negative commands tend to be in imperfective imperative whereas positive ones tend to be in perfective. 1 person has voted this message useful | ||||||
| Medulin Tetraglot Senior Member Croatia Joined 4613 days ago 1199 posts - 2192 votes Speaks: Croatian*, English, Spanish, Portuguese Studies: Norwegian, Hindi, Nepali | Message 13 of 19 16 January 2014 at 5:20pm | IP Logged | |||||
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In Croatian, as you know, the imperfective aspect can be compared to the progressive form in English,
while the perfective aspect is more like the simple form in English, more often than not: He sits (down) = On sjedne. [sjesti v perf.] He's sitting. = On sjedi. [sjediti v imperf.] He's being seated. = On sjeda. [sjedati v imperf.] In imperatives, there is a tendency to neutralize them, as in English, both aspects are interchangeable, but the imperfective aspect is more expressive (it's more like a command): Sjed(n)i ovdje! Sit here! / Sit down! (sjesti v perf.) Sjedaj ovdje! = (You have to) sit here/down right now! (sjedati v imperf.) Daj mi to! = Give it to me! (dati v perf. = to give) Davaj/daji mi to! = (Won't you) give it to me right now! (davati v imperf = to be giving) Zatvori vrata! = Close the door! (zatvoriti = to close, perfective) Zatvaraj vrata! = (Won't you) close that door right now! (zatvarati = to be closing, imperfective) Ugasi svjetlo! = Turn the light off! (ugasiti = to extinguish, perfective) Gasi svjetlo i u krevet! = (Won't you) turn off the light and go to bed right now! (gasiti = to be extinguishing, imperfective) With negative imperatives, ne + positive imperative is mostly used with the imperfective aspect (Don't cry! = Ne plači!) nemoj + infinitive is used with both perfective or imperfective aspect (you don't say! = Nemoj mi reći!, Do not talk like this! = Nemoj tako govoriti!) da nisi + active participle is used mostly with the imperfective aspect (don't [you] go chasing any cats! = da nisi gonio mačke!) -
Not really pogledati = to take a look at gledati = to be looking at, to look at, to be watching, to watch Look at me WHILE I'm talking to you! Gledaj me DOK ti pričam! Because WHILE (dok) is used, both actions have to take place at the same time. With pogledati (take a look), the first action (the one of taking a look (pogledati) would take place earlier than the 2nd action (the ''talking'' one). With conjunctions like DOK (while), both verbs tend to be imperfective. {In English both WHILE and AS mean the same, but WHILE favors the progressive from while AS is more used with the simple form: while I'm talking to you = as I talk to you} Edited by Medulin on 16 January 2014 at 6:03pm 3 persons have voted this message useful | ||||||
| Dragon27 Diglot Groupie Russian Federation Joined 4186 days ago 41 posts - 71 votes Speaks: Russian*, English | Message 14 of 19 16 January 2014 at 8:05pm | IP Logged | |||||
For me it's quite the opposite :) смотри - наблюдай - watch посмотри - взгляни - look 4 persons have voted this message useful | ||||||
| Марк Senior Member Russian Federation Joined 5001 days ago 2096 posts - 2972 votes Speaks: Russian* | Message 15 of 19 16 January 2014 at 8:15pm | IP Logged | |||||
Посмотри фильм! Watch the film! 3 persons have voted this message useful | ||||||
| Serpent Octoglot Senior Member Russian Federation serpent-849.livejour Joined 6542 days ago 9753 posts - 15779 votes 4 sounds Speaks: Russian*, English, FinnishC1, Latin, German, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese Studies: Danish, Romanian, Polish, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Croatian, Slovenian, Catalan, Czech, Galician, Dutch, Swedish | Message 16 of 19 16 January 2014 at 9:27pm | IP Logged | |||||
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Yeah I don't mean watch as in наблюдать, but more like "view intensely". Both watch and look have tons of meanings in English. смотреть has a similar range of meanings in Russian, but наблюдать doesn't really. Edited by Serpent on 16 January 2014 at 10:19pm 2 persons have voted this message useful |
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