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How many words do we actually need?

  Tags: Number of words
 Language Learning Forum : General discussion Post Reply
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s_allard
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 Message 81 of 115
31 January 2013 at 3:42pm | IP Logged 
Iversen wrote:
A test I did long ago on everything I wrote in English here at HTLAL through a 3 months period gave a result close to 2500 head words, i.e. counting just one form of each word and disregarding idiomatic expressions and compounds. The exact number isn't important because I probably have discussed other things outside HTLAL during this time, but given that I write a lot and like to use arcane words 2500 head words isn't much.

However this only represents a part of the words I could have used if need be, so even my active vocabulary is and was larger. How much larger is anyone's guess, but the better I know a language the easier it will be for me to mobilize the words I need to express myself. The only hit I could get about the size of my active vocabulary would be to run through some selected pages in a dictionary and ask myself whether I could see myself using the words on those pages, and as any subjective evalution this number would be quite unreliable.

But even the number of words I potentially might use (= my active vocabulary) is just a fraction of my passive vocabulary, which consists of all the words I can recognize and understand.
...

Need I say more?
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tarvos
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 Message 82 of 115
31 January 2013 at 3:46pm | IP Logged 
Quote:
Don't wander off into unknown territory where you'll be guessing and inevitably
setting yourself up for major mistakes.


I wouldn't do this on an exam, but otherwise it's a perfect strategy to learn more.
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s_allard
Triglot
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 Message 83 of 115
31 January 2013 at 4:18pm | IP Logged 
Steffen wrote:
... Less than 2000 words won't get you far, and the majority of people here will happily
learn as much in four month's time.

This is another example of a common myth. Many people can surely learn 2000 words in four months. But can they use them properly? That's the question. Here is some text for a website that claims you can learn 200 words of French or Spanish a day"

200 Words a Day!
Learn French the easy way!

Would you like to learn French rapidly, effortlessly
with effective retention?
Snapshot French words and phrases to your brain
for amazing easy recall ... at superfast speeds ...
while you learn to avoid the most common
French language learning errors.

Have you tried learning 200 words a day
with your French language course?

No? Well you can boost your learning rate with our easy-to-use courses
incorporating memory techniques. You can easily achieve this.

Just try this ... "

Imagine, why wait four months when you could learn 2000 words in 10 days. Whether it's ten days or four months, how much French will you be able to speak? The vast majority of people can barely carry on a conversation after four months a French and those 2000 words.

What's the problem? It's that learning to speak a language is a lot more than learning a list of 2000 words. Why does it take years to learn to speak a language fluently? Does it take 2 years to learn 5000 words in French? Of course not. It's how you use them. It will take you years to really master the French verb system and even the four key verbs because they can be used in so many ways. If learning a language were as simple as learning a list of 3000 words, HTLAL wouldn't exist.
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Medulin
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 Message 84 of 115
31 January 2013 at 4:27pm | IP Logged 
My active Italian vocabulary is limited because many times I'm afraid that I might make a mistake due to interference with Portuguese and Spanish...So, I use only words I'm 100% sure I won't say in a Portuguese/Spanish way.

By having to settle on this tactic, my Italian is very indirect, descriptive, as in ''beating around the bush''.

It is exactly this what makes my Italian unnatural, and Italians told me this kind of Italian sounded VERY FORMAL.

So, when you try to limit your vocabulary to 2K words and use ''beating about the bush'' tactics, you end up sounding unnatural and therefore, formal.

It's a paradox (how can you sound formal using 2K words), but it's true.
Limited vocabulary forces you into long THAT/relative sentences (which if overused don't not sound right at all in Italian since CHE [=that] cannot be omitted unlike in English).



Edited by Medulin on 31 January 2013 at 4:32pm

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petteri
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 Message 85 of 115
31 January 2013 at 4:32pm | IP Logged 
s_allard wrote:

"Is it possible to cook delicious pulled pork without the smoke and drama of a barbecue pit?" When was the last time I used "pulled pork" or "barbecue pit"? Not in the last year. They are not part of my active vocabulary.

The point of all this is that once you look at the facts of what people really use, not what they recognize or think they recognize, most people tend to use only a very small set of all the words of a language.


Active vocabulary is not a set of recently used words.

Let me give an example. The English words that I have not said or written for at least a decade or never before are bold. Those words still came instantly to my mind.

I played tennis when I was at High School. My backhand used to be good and my forehand pretty awesome but my serve worked pretty weakly. My other hobby was horseback riding, I still remember how exciting it was to hop in the saddle and gallop through the forest.

Active vocabulary is the collection of words a person has potential to use.




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Medulin
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 Message 86 of 115
31 January 2013 at 4:44pm | IP Logged 
Take a random article from any paper, and you'll see that the words used are in the 30K league, and not from the 2K-only group:

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-2270687/Ke-ha-t ouches-Tokyo-bizarre-printed-suit-revealed-shes-star-MTV-rea lity-show.html

''She's never been one to shy away from outlandish outfits and eccentric ensembles. And Ke$ha certainly ensured she made her mark as she touched down in Tokyo, Japan, on Thursday, wearing a typically over-the-top suit.

Leaving little to the imagination with her extremely tight-fitting pants, the Die Young hitmaker showed off her slim pins in the quirky garment.

Kooky:

The eccentric star wore a black button-down shirt underneath her unusual suit, and accessorised her look with a black wide-brimmed hat, black patent tassle-detail brogues and Ray Ban aviator sunglasses.

Despite having just stepped off a long-haul flight, Ke$ha looked preened to perfection with her peroxide blonde locks flowing in loose waves around her shoulders.

Style queen: Ke$ha left little to the imagination with her form-fitting suit as she was ushered through the airport by a burly security guard, ''

This description is accurate and precise enough for everyone to visualize how the singer looked. Furthermore, synonyms are preferred to overused words (that's why BURLY and not STRONG).


Edited by Medulin on 31 January 2013 at 5:00pm

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beano
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 Message 87 of 115
31 January 2013 at 4:50pm | IP Logged 
Even the most poorly-educated manual worker has many thousands of words that can be instantly drawn upon.
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s_allard
Triglot
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Canada
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 Message 88 of 115
31 January 2013 at 5:08pm | IP Logged 
The more I read some of these posts the more I come to the conclusion that people understand what they want they want to understand not what they hear or read. Here is what I wrote:

"I stand by my statement that most native speakers regularly USE a vocabulary of around 2000 words regardless of the number of words that they may recognize,"

I'm not talking about what people could potentially or maybe or might recognize or believe they can use. I'm not talking about what you read in a magazine. I'm talking about what came out of your mouth yesterday, last week, last month, etc. My question to @Medulin is "When how often in the past month did you speak the words burly, preened, wide-brimmed, tassle-detailed brogues, slim pins, quirky garment, etc.?"


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