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Ideal Systematic Approach to Korean? | ||
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 Language Learning Forum : Lessons in Polyglottery |  | |
| Gon-no-suke Triglot Senior Member Japan Joined 6435 days ago 156 posts - 191 votes  Speaks: Swedish*, Japanese, EnglishC2 Studies: Korean, Malay, Swahili | Message 17 of 18 04 July 2008 at 3:37am | IP Logged | ||
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Please allow me to elaborate on the distinction between 語基 and 語幹. In my understanding 語基 is a alternative way of defining the 語幹 by including the vowel combinations used to attach different suffixes. I have extracted the following example from the homepage I linked to above:
Traditional definition Verb form | 語幹 | 語尾 주면 | 주 | 면 주어서 | 주 | 어서 받으면 | 받 | 으면 받아서 | 받 | 아서 Alternative definition Verb form | 語幹 | 語尾 주면 | 주 | 면 주어서 | 주어 | 서 받으면 | 받으 | 면 받아서 | 받아 | 서 As can be seen above, it is just a matter of moving the vowels from right to left, conjugating the verb stems in stead of the suffixes. This might seem like a futile excercise, but for Japanese speakers this is congruent with the way Japanese verbs are handled when witten in kana. Japanese verbs Verb form | 語幹 | 語尾 よみます | よみ | ます よんで | よん | で よめば | よめ | ば たべます | たべ | ます たべて | たべ | て たべば | たべ | ば There are thus multiple forms of the Japanese verb stem, depending on what suffix it binds to. Applying this to Korean verbs might perhaps only feel natural for Japanese speakers, but I think another merit is that since there are fewer types of verb stems then there are suffixes, it is easier to learn which type of conjugated verb stems (語基) that go with each (unconjugated) suffix, than to learn the conjugations for each suffix depending on which type of traditional verb stem it affixes to. In the end it's a question of combinatorics. Since I am neither a linguist, nor proficient in Korean, I fear that my explanation is both trivial as well as difficult to comprehend. Sorry about that. I just hope that Jana F will find this comparision between Korean and Japanese grammar as enlightning as I found it. Tore Eriksson Update: Tried in vain to line up my tables... Edited by Gon-no-suke on 04 July 2008 at 3:56am 1 person has voted this message useful | |||
| nhk9 Senior Member Canada Joined 6805 days ago 290 posts - 319 votes Speaks: English* | Message 18 of 18 11 November 2008 at 1:39am | IP Logged | ||
I think you had meant to say '食べれば’？ From what I know there's no たべば Sometimes foreign books tend to oversimplified how verbs are constructed in Japanese; they often give parts of different verbs names like 'stem 1', 'stem 2', etc., with no pre-defined meaning. This can pose a problem for the serious learner later on. For our info, 食べれば's 語幹 is "た”、べれ is its 已然形, and ば is a 助詞。In other words, it has 3 parts. Many books written here in North America would normally try to break it down into 食べ and れば 1 person has voted this message useful |
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