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Meanings of "stand" | ||
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 Language Learning Forum : Philological Room |  | |
| fanatic Octoglot Senior Member Australia speedmathematics.com Joined 7146 days ago 1152 posts - 1818 votes  Speaks: English*, German, French, Afrikaans, Italian, Spanish, Russian, Dutch Studies: Swedish, Norwegian, Polish, Modern Hebrew, Malay, Mandarin, Esperanto | Message 1 of 26 24 April 2008 at 8:18am | IP Logged | ||
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Some time ago I wrote about the multiple meanings of the word, put, when joined with a preposition. Put up, put off, put on, put down, put over, put in, put out etc.
I have just been thinking of the word, stand. Stand up, stand down, stand out, stand in etc. You can understand the individual words but not understand the meaning. The phrases have to be learnt as separate words. This must be difficult for learners of English. I am not sure there as many examples of this in other languages. I did make errors of this kind while living in Germany. 1 person has voted this message useful | |||
| Gilgamesh Tetraglot Senior Member England Joined 6242 days ago 452 posts - 468 votes 14 sounds Speaks: Dutch, English, German, French Studies: Polish | Message 2 of 26 24 April 2008 at 8:22am | IP Logged | ||
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You are right. It is also quite common in Dutch and German (as you mentioned). It can be a huge source of mistakes for learners. Unfortunately I have to leave now but I'll think of some examples later on.
Good thread. 1 person has voted this message useful | |||
| Captain Haddock Diglot Senior Member Japan kanjicabinet.tumblr. Joined 6768 days ago 2282 posts - 2814 votes Speaks: English*, Japanese Studies: French, Korean, Ancient Greek | Message 3 of 26 24 April 2008 at 9:08am | IP Logged | ||
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Japanese has something a bit like this with compound verbs. While the meaning of a single verb is obvious from its dictionary definition, many verbs can be compounded together, so that the second verb alters the meaning of the first like prepositions alter verbs in English. Sometimes the new meaning is predictable from the verbs involved, but often it is not and the compound expression must be learned as a new vocabulary item.
Examples: kakeru "call" + naosu "fix" = kake-naosu "call someone back (on the phone)" kuru "spin" + kaesu "return, repay" = kurikaesu "repeat something" toru "take" + harau "pay; brush off" = toriharau "demolish" 1 person has voted this message useful | |||
| Julie Heptaglot Senior Member PolandRegistered users can see my Skype Name Joined 6903 days ago 1251 posts - 1733 votes 5 sounds Speaks: Polish*, EnglishB2, GermanC2, SpanishB2, Dutch, Swedish, French | Message 4 of 26 24 April 2008 at 10:45am | IP Logged | ||
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I've learned many English phrasal verbs as separate words, just like I had to learn e.g. bestehen, aufstehen, verstehen, vorstehen, einstehen etc. as separate words. There are definitely many such examples in Polish, just to mention zostać, wstać, ustać, przestać, nastać etc. (some of them with multiple meanings). I guess it's not different in other Slavic languages.
After some time we start to see some patterns (by the way, building verbs is for me as a Polish native speaker much more intuitive in German than in English). I have the impression that Romance languages are different, i.e. they differentiate the meanings in other way. 1 person has voted this message useful | |||
| Gilgamesh Tetraglot Senior Member England Joined 6242 days ago 452 posts - 468 votes 14 sounds Speaks: Dutch, English, German, French Studies: Polish | Message 5 of 26 24 April 2008 at 12:47pm | IP Logged | ||
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Some examples in German:
-- denken nachdenken, erdenken, ausdenken, hineindenken, gedenken, mitdenken, vorausdenken, wegdenken. -- stehen abstehen, anstehen, aufstehen, ausstehen, beistehen, bestehen, darüberstehen, dastehen, durchstehen, einstehen, entstehen, erstehen, feststehen, gestehen, überstehen, unterstehen, verstehen, vorstehen, widerstehen, zustehen Most of those have specific meanings and even many native speakers have troubling using them all correctly (me too, at times). 1 person has voted this message useful | |||
| TheElvenLord Diglot Senior Member United Kingdom Joined 6080 days ago 915 posts - 927 votes 1 sounds Speaks: Cornish, English* Studies: Spanish, French, German Studies: Portuguese, Mandarin | Message 6 of 26 24 April 2008 at 12:53pm | IP Logged | ||
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I will list all the Stands i can and a small phrase for those who dont know these
Understand - I Understand you Stand up - I stand up in front of the crowd Stand down - The candidate stood down from the election Stand out - The guy wearing bright pink stands out from the crowd TEL 1 person has voted this message useful | |||
| Gilgamesh Tetraglot Senior Member England Joined 6242 days ago 452 posts - 468 votes 14 sounds Speaks: Dutch, English, German, French Studies: Polish | Message 7 of 26 24 April 2008 at 12:55pm | IP Logged | ||
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And even some of those still have various meanings...
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| fanatic Octoglot Senior Member Australia speedmathematics.com Joined 7146 days ago 1152 posts - 1818 votes Speaks: English*, German, French, Afrikaans, Italian, Spanish, Russian, Dutch Studies: Swedish, Norwegian, Polish, Modern Hebrew, Malay, Mandarin, Esperanto | Message 8 of 26 25 April 2008 at 3:42am | IP Logged | ||
Certainly. You can stand up for your beliefs. Or you can complain, "Nobody stood up for me." Edited by fanatic on 25 April 2008 at 3:44am 1 person has voted this message useful |
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