APCG Project - Alphabet/Writing System (Collaborative writing) Language Learning Forum

APCG Project - Alphabet/Writing System
Tags: Writing System
Language Learning Forum : Collaborative writing

crafedog Diglot Senior Member United Kingdom Joined 5818 days ago 166 posts - 337 votes Speaks: English*, Spanish Studies: Korean, Tok Pisin, French	Message 1 of 7 05 May 2011 at 9:16am \| IP Logged
	Hello everyone. I found a book quite recently called "A polyglot grammar of the Hebrew, Chaldee, Syriac, Greek, Latin, English, French, Italian, Spanish, and German languages, reduced to one common syntax, and an uniform mode of declension and conjugation as far as practicable" by Samuel Barnard. The book seems fascinating but is very outdated and contains only a (comparatively) few amount of languages when compared to the diverse amount of languages people study on this forum. I proposed that we make a brief one together, with each thread being based around a particular language topic (Alphabet, comparatives/superlatives, Adjectives, Noun formation, Verb Object order etc). I started a thread to ask if people would be happy to contribute to this project. T [edit; having problems with Hyperlinks] ------------------------- Our first project thread will be about the Alphabet. Essentially I want you to write the letters that are used in the language (if that is not possible then see below). Guidelines: - Please write the capital letters the language might have - Follow the dictionary order - Don't write about the sounds. You can if you want (to show why two similar looking letters are considered separate like I did with Korean/Spanish) but it's certainly not necessary, nor required. This is a grammar comparative and writing about the sounds of any of the languages could/do have multiple threads already - The detail is up to you. If you want to add something like an archaic letter that was cut/merged, then that's fine. If you want to write the minimal (like I did with English), that's fine. - Any language is fine. Maybe you think everyone knows it, maybe you think no-one cares about it. Either way, I and others would love to learn about it however brief. - Write the name of the writing system if you know it - I'll add your contribution to my 1st post and I'll write your user name in the list of users who contributed - I'll put English as the first one because it will as a guide for other users who wish to contribute. Here's a useful site if you have problems using the accents on your computer. Note 1. Obviously don't list all the characters for Chinese or Japanese for example, just give us some brief information about them. For Japanese though, you could add the Hiragana and Katakana alphabets. Note 2. If you give any extra info, please try to keep it as objective, brief and concise as possible. Thanks to users Lianne, Chung and paranday for their contributions. ----------------------------------------------------------- English The Alphabet Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz Esperanto La alfabeto, or la aboco (like English ABCs) Aa Bb Cc Ĉĉ Dd Ee Ff Gg Ĝĝ Hh Ĥĥ Ii Jj Ĵĵ Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Rr Ss Ŝŝ Tt Uu Ŭŭ Vv Zz Note: The letters Ĉ, Ĝ, Ĥ, Ĵ, Ŝ, and Ŭ are sometimes typed Cx, Gx, Hx, Jx, Sx, and Ux, respectively, for ease of typing. Estonian Aa Bb Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Rr Ss Šš Zz Žž Tt Uu Vv Õõ Ää Öö Üü Note: The official alphabet is as above with 27 letters. There are also the letters Cc Qq, Ww, Xx and Yy which occur when writing foreign names but are not considered part of the official alphabet. German Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz Ää Öö Üü ß Note: ß is pronounced the same as ss, and is increasingly being replaced by ss. ä, ö, and ü can be typed as ae, oe, and ue if the proper keys are not available Khoekhoegowab Abetseb Aa Ââ Bb Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Îî Jj Kk Kh/kh Ll Mm Nn Oo Ôô Pp Rr Ss Tt Ts/ts Uu Ûû Ww Xx ǀ ǀG/ǀg ǀH/ǀh ǀKh/ǀkh ǀN/ǀn ǁ ǁG/ǁg ǁH/ǁh ǁKh/ǁkh ǁN/ǁn ! !G/!g !H/!h !Kh/!kh !N/!n ǂ ǂG/ǂg ǂH/ǂh ǂKh/ǂkh ǂN/ǂn Note: Clicks are as follows: ǀ (affricated) dental click, ǁ(affricated) lateral click, ! (implosive) alveolar click, ǂ (implosive) palatal click. Letter pairs b/p d/t g/k are pronounced identically, however, by orthographic convention are associated with different tone melodies. Nasalized vowels are indicated with a circumflex ^. Korean Hangeul 한글 ㄱ ㄲ ㄴ ㄷ ㄸ ㅁ ㅂ ㅃ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ (ㅏ ㅐ ㅑ ㅒ ㅓ ㅔ ㅕ ㅖ ㅗ ㅘ ㅙ ㅚ ㅛ ㅜ ㅝ ㅞ ㅟ ㅠ ㅡ ㅢ ㅣ) ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ Note 1: ㄲ, ㅆ etc are doubled versions of ㄱ, ㅅ but some dictionaries consider them separate entries. Note 2: ㅇ is unusual because it is used with vowels. ㅏ ㅓ ㅗ ㅣ ㅙ etc should normally be written as 아 어 오 이 왜 as the vowel cannot be separated like I have done above. This goes for all the vowels in the brackets above and the ㅇ has no sound when used like this. However when ㅇ is at the end of syllable/sound/word like in 강 a distinct sound is used (sounds like English '-ng'). Note 3: Koreans used Hanja 한자 (Traditional Chinese characters) exclusively many years ago. The alphabet above (Hangeul) was introduced by King Sejong 세종대왕 in 1446. Hangeul is the dominant writing system nowadays whereas Hanja can be found on street signs, briefly in newspapers, abbreviations etc in South Korea. South Koreans still learn Hanja as part of their curriculum but in North Korea it was abolished by the current Communist Regime. Mongolian Аа Бб Вв Гг Дд Ее Ëë Жж Зз Ии Йй Кк Лл Мм Нн Оо Өө Пп Рр Сс Тт Уу Үү Фф Хх Цц Чч Шш Щщ Ъъ Ыы Ьь Ээ Юю Яя Note: Mongolian is most commonly expressed in print using this modified Cyrillic alphabet. However the Mongol minority in China typically expresses its native language visually using a vertically-oriented script which derives from the alphabet of Old Uigur. Northern Lappish/Saami Aa Áá Bb Cc Čč Dd Đđ Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Ŋŋ Oo Pp Rr Ss Šš Tt Ŧŧ Uu Vv Zz Žž Note: This represents the latest revision to the alphabet (last modified in 1985). At least 9 modified Latin alphabets have been used to express the language and this is sometimes problematic for the current generation of Saami who have no experience with the conventions used in texts from the earlier part of the 20th century and earlier. Spanish El alfabeto Aa Bb Cc Ch/ch Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Ll/ll Mm Nn Ññ Oo Pp Qq Rr Rr/rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz When a vowel is stressed: Áá Éé Íí Óó Úú Note: 'll' and 'rr' have separate sounds to a single L/R hence their distinction in Spanish. toki pona Aa Ee Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Ss Tt Uu Ww Note: The capital letters are only used for non-toki pona words, like names of countries or people. Sentences do not start with capital letters. Ukrainian Аа Бб Вв Гг Ґґ Дд Ее Єє Жж Зз Ии Іі Її Йй Кк Лл Мм Нн Оо Пп Рр Сс Тт Уу Фф Хх Цц Чч Шш Щщ Ьь Юю Яя Note: There is also the apostrophe (’) as the final symbol. It's used to indicate that the consonant preceding the soft vowel is unpalatalized. Edited by crafedog on 05 June 2011 at 6:50am 2 persons have voted this message useful
Lianne Senior Member Canada thetoweringpile.blog Joined 5115 days ago 284 posts - 410 votes Speaks: English* Studies: Esperanto, Toki Pona, German, French	Message 2 of 7 05 May 2011 at 4:12pm \| IP Logged
	Esperanto La alfabeto, or la aboco (like English ABCs) Aa Bb Cc Ĉĉ Dd Ee Ff Gg Ĝĝ Hh Ĥĥ Ii Jj Ĵĵ Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Rr Ss Ŝŝ Tt Uu Ŭŭ Vv Zz Note: The letters Ĉ, Ĝ, Ĥ, Ĵ, Ŝ, and Ŭ are sometimes typed Cx, Gx, Hx, Jx, Sx, and Ux, respectively, for ease of typing. 2 persons have voted this message useful
Lianne Senior Member Canada thetoweringpile.blog Joined 5115 days ago 284 posts - 410 votes Speaks: English* Studies: Esperanto, Toki Pona, German, French	Message 3 of 7 05 May 2011 at 4:25pm \| IP Logged
	toki pona Aa Ee Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Ss Tt Uu Ww Note: The capital letters are only used for non-toki pona words, like names of countries or people. Sentences do not start with capital letters. 2 persons have voted this message useful
Chung Diglot Senior Member Joined 7156 days ago 4228 posts - 8259 votes 20 sounds Speaks: English*, French Studies: Polish, Slovak, Uzbek, Turkish, Korean, Finnish	Message 4 of 7 05 May 2011 at 8:36pm \| IP Logged
	Estonian Aa Bb Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Rr Ss Šš Zz Žž Tt Uu Vv Õõ Ää Öö Üü N.B. The official alphabet is as above with 27 letters. There are also the letters Cc Qq, Ww, Xx and Yy which occur when writing foreign names but not considered part of the official alphabet. Northern Lappish/Saami Aa Áá Bb Cc Čč Dd Đđ Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Ŋŋ Oo Pp Rr Ss Šš Tt Ŧŧ Uu Vv Zz Žž N.B. This represents the latest revision to the alphabet (last modified in 1985). At least 9 modified Latin alphabets have been used to express the language and this is sometimes problematic for the current generation of Saami who have no experience with the conventions used in texts from the earlier part of the 20th century and earlier. Mongolian Аа Бб Вв Гг Дд Ее Ëë Жж Зз Ии Йй Кк Лл Мм Нн Оо Өө Пп Рр Сс Тт Уу Үү Фф Хх Цц Чч Шш Щщ Ъъ Ыы Ьь Ээ Юю Яя N.B. Mongolian is most commonly expressed in print using this modified Cyrillic alphabet. However the Mongol minority in China typically expresses its native language visually using a vertically-oriented script which derives from the alphabet of Old Uigur. Ukrainian Аа Бб Вв Гг Ґґ Дд Ее Єє Жж Зз Ии Іі Її Йй Кк Лл Мм Нн Оо Пп Рр Сс Тт Уу Фф Хх Цц Чч Шш Щщ Ьь Юю Яя N.B. There is also the apostrophe (’) as the final symbol. It's used to indicate that the consonant preceding the soft vowel is unpalatalized. 2 persons have voted this message useful
crafedog Diglot Senior Member United Kingdom Joined 5818 days ago 166 posts - 337 votes Speaks: English*, Spanish Studies: Korean, Tok Pisin, French	Message 5 of 7 06 May 2011 at 2:01am \| IP Logged
	That's some great information there Chung and thanks to Lianne for her earlier contribution. 1 person has voted this message useful
Lianne Senior Member Canada thetoweringpile.blog Joined 5115 days ago 284 posts - 410 votes Speaks: English* Studies: Esperanto, Toki Pona, German, French	Message 6 of 7 03 June 2011 at 10:40pm \| IP Logged
	German Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz Ää Öö Üü ß Note: ß is pronounced the same as ss, and is increasingly being replaced by ss. ä, ö, and ü can be typed as ae, oe, and ue if the proper keys are not available. If any Germans want to correct me here, feel free. I consulted a guy I work with who's from Germany before writing this, and he told me the stuff about typing ae, oe, and ue. When I asked him where in the alphabet the umlaut letters go, he said they aren't usually included in the alphabet, so I put them at the end. 2 persons have voted this message useful

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