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 Language Learning Forum : Language Learning Log |  | |
| Zireael Triglot Senior Member Poland Joined 4651 days ago 518 posts - 636 votes  Speaks: Polish*, EnglishB2, Spanish Studies: German, Sign Language, Tok Pisin, Arabic (Yemeni), Old English | Message 57 of 104 28 March 2014 at 9:32am | IP Logged | ||
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Yeah, that's right, but really, don't trouble your pretty head with this, as my tutor used to say.
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| napoleon Tetraglot Senior Member India Joined 5016 days ago 543 posts - 874 votes Speaks: Bengali*, English, Hindi, Urdu Studies: French, Arabic (Written) | Message 58 of 104 28 March 2014 at 5:41pm | IP Logged | ||
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Finished Part 1 of Wighwick's book. (Units 10-16)
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| Luso Hexaglot Senior Member Portugal Joined 6061 days ago 819 posts - 1812 votes Speaks: Portuguese*, French, EnglishC2, GermanB1, Italian, Spanish Studies: Sanskrit, Arabic (classical) | Message 59 of 104 29 March 2014 at 3:30am | IP Logged | ||
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I got a question about cases, and it pointed to someone else's log, so I think it's best answered in this thread, as everyone concerned seems to come here.
I'll try to be both concise and abstract (just the rules). Bear with me for starting at the beginning. So, in succession: 1. While pronouncing, speakers of Arabic stop at the sukuun (masculine) or "a" sound (feminine). 2.1. Definite words begin with the article "al" and do not have nunation, whereas indefinite ones have nunation, but not the article. 2.2. Possessives are definite, but without article. 3. There are three cases in Arabic: nominative, accusative and genitive. 3.1. Nominative usually refers to the subject, accusative to the direct object and genitive to the indirect object. 3.2. Nominative is signalled by damma(s), accusative by fatha(s) and genitive by kasra(s). 3.3. There are a few other rules: a preposition implies that the following word must have kasra(s) at the end, the verb laysa implies fatha(s), etc. 3.4. These rules apply to both definite and indefinite words. 4. The use of definite or indefinite words depends, not only on grammar rules, but largely on what you want to say. 4.1. Toggling this, you can say things like "a big house", "the house is big" or "the big house". 3 persons have voted this message useful | |||
| nancydowns Senior Member United States Joined 3922 days ago 184 posts - 288 votes Speaks: English* Studies: Spanish, Arabic (Written) | Message 60 of 104 29 March 2014 at 3:56am | IP Logged | ||
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Thank you so much, Luso! I am sorry that I got this all stirred up! :-) Except that I am glad because I have learned a lot! I am wondering if you have any
suggestions for sources for learning MSA? I have a book "Mastering Arabic" by Wightwick and Gaafar. It seems like a good book, but they seriously gloss over grammar points, and it is not fully vocalized. So when I posted a picture of my handwriting, I was missing some vowels, namely the case markers for the nouns. That wasn't covered in my book, so I am glad that Napoleon pointed it out. I went and searched online and found some information about it then. If you wouldn't mind me giving a specific example, could you tell me if I am correct? Here is Jihan's key. This has key (miftah) that would be in the nominative state, and it is definite because it is Jihan's (even though it doesn't have the definite article), so it would only take a single damma. And Jihan is in the genetive, so her name would take a double kasra at the end. Is that right? And one other question on pronunciation. I know that in dialects, endings are dropped, but for strictly MSA, when you have a vowel sound like car (sayyara), and you add a damma, do you pronounce both vowels, sayyarau? Thanks so much for your help! I am so glad for you taking the time to help us! :-) 2 persons have voted this message useful | |||
| napoleon Tetraglot Senior Member India Joined 5016 days ago 543 posts - 874 votes Speaks: Bengali*, English, Hindi, Urdu Studies: French, Arabic (Written) | Message 61 of 104 29 March 2014 at 6:08am | IP Logged | ||
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I think you would say sayyaratu or sayyaratun depending upon its definiteness or lack thereof.
The ta marbuta has the sound of a ha if it has a sukun (there are no vowel signs above it). If it has a fatha, or a dammah, or a kasra, it takes the sound of a ta along with the sound of the respective vowel sign(ta/tan, tu/tun, ti/tin). Edited by napoleon on 29 March 2014 at 7:25am 2 persons have voted this message useful | |||
| nancydowns Senior Member United States Joined 3922 days ago 184 posts - 288 votes Speaks: English* Studies: Spanish, Arabic (Written) | Message 62 of 104 29 March 2014 at 2:05pm | IP Logged | ||
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Thanks, Napoleon! :-)
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| napoleon Tetraglot Senior Member India Joined 5016 days ago 543 posts - 874 votes Speaks: Bengali*, English, Hindi, Urdu Studies: French, Arabic (Written) | Message 63 of 104 29 March 2014 at 3:22pm | IP Logged | ||
You're welcome. :-) Checked my answers for lesson 5 and did the exercises for lesson 6 from the Madinah book. Edited by napoleon on 29 March 2014 at 5:33pm 2 persons have voted this message useful | |||
| napoleon Tetraglot Senior Member India Joined 5016 days ago 543 posts - 874 votes Speaks: Bengali*, English, Hindi, Urdu Studies: French, Arabic (Written) | Message 64 of 104 29 March 2014 at 9:14pm | IP Logged | ||
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Finished the exercises for lesson 7 from the Madinah book.
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