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Iversen’s Multiconfused Log (see p.1!) | ||
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 Language Learning Forum : Language Learning Log |  | |
 Iversen Super Polyglot Moderator Denmark berejst.dk Joined 6706 days ago 9078 posts - 16473 votes  Speaks: Danish*, French, English, German, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, Swedish, Esperanto, Romanian, Catalan Studies: Afrikaans, Greek, Norwegian, Russian, Serbian, Icelandic, Latin, Irish, Lowland Scots, Indonesian, Polish, Croatian Personal Language Map | Message 313 of 3959 18 February 2009 at 12:41am | IP Logged | |||||
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ESP: Permio estis la lasta epoko de la Paleozoiko, post la Karbonio kaj antaŭ la Triaso, kiuj estis la unua epoko de la Mesozoiko. Permio finiĝis antaŭ proksimume 251 milionoj da jaroj cu la plej malbona estingigo en la historio de la Tero: 90%-95% de la bestoj kaj de la vegetaĵo en la maro forpasas, kaj ĉirkaux 70% de bestaroj kaj plantoj en la tero! Post la Kretaseo 'nur' ĉirkaux 50% de ĉiuj specioj formortas. Kaŭzo de la estingigo permia estas pridebatata, sed same kiel la situacio pri la estingigo kretacea violentaj vulkanaj erupcioj estas montrataj,'Siberian traps'. Alia plej nekutima ekspliko estas, ke hidrogeno-sulfido (?) estis eskapinta de la maro, kaj tiu senbrida procezo poluis atmosferon.
La estingigo de la lasta tempo de Prekambrio (Vendian) estas ankoraŭ plu malfacila analizebli, sed oni scias ke preskaŭ tuta la faŭno de Edicarian Hills en Aŭstralia formortas, kaj nur malgrandega frakcieto de ĉiuj el la animalaj familioj havis heredantoj en la posta epoko, Kambrio. Oni kredas ke katastrofego en la Prekambrio estas la klarigo de la ekflorado de Edicario, - alie tiu riĉego ne subite aperos post miliardoj de jaroj kun stagno. Eksistas postsignoj, tiuj sugestas ke almenaŭ unu de la katastrofoj estis mondiala glaciepoko. En Kambrio oni havas analogan vanan ekflorado en la forma de la fauna de Burgess Shale en British Columbia, antaŭ epoko pli stabila kaj bonkonata kun trilobitoj vagadintaj en el marfundo. Ankaŭ la Kambrio finiĝis kun katastrofo. Post Kambrio venis epoko Ordovicium, kiu comencis kaj finiĝis supozeble kun glaciepoko kaj grandega estingigo. ----------- The text above isn't a complete list over the extinctions throughout the history of the world, but only some some references to some of the more interesting events (didn't some Chinese guy say that the worst thing that you could wish for your worst enemy would be that he should live in 'interesting times')? I hope that I have time to write the summary before the forum shuts down again for maintenance, - it has been somewhat unstable since yesterday. OK, the worst extinction was not the one at the end of the Cretaceous (65 mio. years ago), where around half of the animal species of the Earth perished, including all dinosaurs except birds. It was probably the one after the Permian period (251 mio. years ago), where 90%-95% of all animial- and plant species in the sea and around 70% of those on land died out. Just as with the Cretacean event there are several hypothesis concerning the Permian extinction, including volcanism and outpourings of Hydrogen sulphide from the seafloor. Some of the most intriguing events happened in the latest part of the Prekambrian and in the Kambrian. In the former, called the Vendian (sub)period, an army of animals collectively known as the Ediacarian biota flourished, but suddenly died out around 540 mio. years ago - maybe because of a glaciation. In the middle of the Kambrian another group, known from the Burgess Shale formation in Canada, flourished, but with at least one exception - our own distant forefather - they also disappeared completely. Most of these Kambrian lifeforms were totally unknown when I first saw a description of the Kambrian more than 40 years ago (with the exception of trilobites, which were the dominant life form back then). The knowledge about these early times has not just grown, it has exploded since I read all I could find about Paleontology as a little googleeyed child in the beginning of the sixties! After Kambriam came Ordovicium, which ended with probably the second worst extinction ever, - and also here an Ice age is part of the history. Btw. while googling for facts about the Permian extinction I accidentally found that there is a language group called the Permian languages: Permic languages are a subgroup of the Finno-Ugric language family. They are spoken in the Ural Mountains of Russia. Komi (Komi-Zyrian, Zyrian) Komi-Permyak Udmurt (Votyak) (wikipedia) Edited by Iversen on 19 February 2009 at 5:35pm 1 person has voted this message useful | ||||||
 Fasulye Heptaglot Winner TAC 2012 Moderator Germany fasulyespolyglotblog Joined 5850 days ago 5460 posts - 6006 votes 1 sounds Speaks: German*, DutchC1, EnglishB2, French, Italian, Spanish, Esperanto Studies: Latin, Danish, Norwegian, Turkish Personal Language Map | Message 314 of 3959 18 February 2009 at 6:01am | IP Logged | |||||
ESP: Dankon por la klarigoj! Cxe la pordo de mia kuirejo pendas grandega afisxo (= poster) pri cxiuj epokoj de la evoluo de la tero, kiu komencigxas pri "Azoikum" kaj finigxas pri "Quartär". Mi havas iom da libera spaco sur la afisxo kaj pro tio mi volas noti tie, en kiu fazo la estingigxoj okazis. Sed unue mi devos pli bone informi min pri tio. Tio signifas, ke mi volas legi vian du ligojn, kiam mi havos suficxe da libera tempo - do ne meze en la laborsemajno - por povi gxuste kompletigi la informojn, kiuj jam staras sur mia grandega afisxo. Fasulye-Babylonia Edited by Fasulye on 18 February 2009 at 6:20am 1 person has voted this message useful | ||||||
| Fasulye Heptaglot Winner TAC 2012 Moderator Germany fasulyespolyglotblog Joined 5850 days ago 5460 posts - 6006 votes 1 sounds Speaks: German*, DutchC1, EnglishB2, French, Italian, Spanish, Esperanto Studies: Latin, Danish, Norwegian, Turkish Personal Language Map | Message 315 of 3959 18 February 2009 at 7:06pm | IP Logged | |||||
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NL: Ik moet nog veel leren over de ontwikkelingsgeschiedenis van de aarde, want ik sta daarmee pas aan het begin. De paleontoglogie is als interessengebied nog nieuw voor mij, het heeft heeft pas twee jaar geleden mijn aandacht getrokken. Zodoende wil ik jouw twee links van de Wikipedia heel graag lezen, om wat achtergrondkennis optedoen.
Ik had vandaag volstrekt geen kans om dit forum te bekijken, want de "maintenance mode" duurde van werkbegin om 8:30 uur tot Feierabend om 17:00 uur, dus ik voelde me echt buitengesloten. Wel was ik vanavond in de bibliotheek om daar wat zelfstudie Turks te doen. Fasulye-Babylonia 1 person has voted this message useful | ||||||
| JonB Diglot Senior Member United Kingdom Joined 6268 days ago 209 posts - 220 votes Speaks: English*, German Studies: Italian, Dutch, Greek | Message 316 of 3959 18 February 2009 at 8:42pm | IP Logged | |||||
Fasulye, du weisst doch, dass die Wikipedia keine sehr zuverlaessige Quelle ist? z.B. Den meisten Studenten bei uns wird jetzt streng verboten, Wikipedia-Beitraege als Quellenmaterial zu benutzen! Denn schliesslich kann jeder Mensch bei Wikipedia mitmachen - egal ob er irgendeine Ahnung vom Thema hat oder nicht :-0 (Meiner Meinung nach soll eine Enzyklopaedie nur von bekannten Experten geschrieben werden!) 1 person has voted this message useful | ||||||
| Fasulye Heptaglot Winner TAC 2012 Moderator Germany fasulyespolyglotblog Joined 5850 days ago 5460 posts - 6006 votes 1 sounds Speaks: German*, DutchC1, EnglishB2, French, Italian, Spanish, Esperanto Studies: Latin, Danish, Norwegian, Turkish Personal Language Map | Message 317 of 3959 18 February 2009 at 8:59pm | IP Logged | |||||
Iversen, JonB hat leider Recht. Ich musste das bei meinem letzten Astronomievortrag, den ich über Kopernikus gehalten habe, selbst feststellen. Ich hatte mich nämlich auf die Wikipedia berufen und dadurch zwei inhaltliche Fehler in im meinen Vortrag übernommen, das fand ich ganz schön ärgerlich! So, um mir allgemeines Wissen anzulesen, lese ich durchaus noch die Wiki. Aber für Projekte, bei denen es auf exakte Richtigkeit der Information ankommt, nehme ich - aus Erfahrung klug geworden - deutlich von der Wikipedia Abstand. Ich finde es sehr gut, JonB, dass du nochmal darauf hinweist, dass die Wikipedia inhaltlich unzuverlässig sein kann. Zu meiner Studienzeit (und zu der Iversens) gab es die Wikipedia noch nicht, daher habe ich noch keine Professorenmeinung dazu gehört. Fasulye-Babylonia Edited by Fasulye on 18 February 2009 at 9:15pm 1 person has voted this message useful | ||||||
| JonB Diglot Senior Member United Kingdom Joined 6268 days ago 209 posts - 220 votes Speaks: English*, German Studies: Italian, Dutch, Greek | Message 318 of 3959 18 February 2009 at 9:21pm | IP Logged | |||||
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Fasulye, my days as a student were also a little bit before the Wikipedia boom! ;-)
(However I know for a fact that most universities in the UK are now strictly banning the use of Wikipedia as an academic source.) 1 person has voted this message useful | ||||||
| Fasulye Heptaglot Winner TAC 2012 Moderator Germany fasulyespolyglotblog Joined 5850 days ago 5460 posts - 6006 votes 1 sounds Speaks: German*, DutchC1, EnglishB2, French, Italian, Spanish, Esperanto Studies: Latin, Danish, Norwegian, Turkish Personal Language Map | Message 319 of 3959 18 February 2009 at 9:33pm | IP Logged | |||||
That's completely justified, JonB! If I were a professor I would decide in the same way. Es muss auch nicht sein, dass man sich auf die Fehler anderer beruft. Fasulye-Babylonia Edited by Fasulye on 18 February 2009 at 9:44pm 1 person has voted this message useful | ||||||
| Iversen Super Polyglot Moderator Denmark berejst.dk Joined 6706 days ago 9078 posts - 16473 votes Speaks: Danish*, French, English, German, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, Swedish, Esperanto, Romanian, Catalan Studies: Afrikaans, Greek, Norwegian, Russian, Serbian, Icelandic, Latin, Irish, Lowland Scots, Indonesian, Polish, Croatian Personal Language Map | Message 320 of 3959 18 February 2009 at 10:14pm | IP Logged | |||||
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You can certainly find errors in Wikipedia. But you can find at least as many in other sources on the internet, - I have seen comparisons where several subjects were checked both in Wikipedia and professional dictionaries on subscription, and Wikipedia was found to be among the most trustworthy. Even books written by scientists can't be trusted, - especially not in questions like this one about global extinctions where there are fighting schools who each try to denigrate any other point of view than their own. Even science isn't a perfect system, - sometimes people stick to their positions against all evidence. But it is the best we have got.
I quote Wikipedia and other popular sources for two reasons: they are easily found because they are free and on the internet, and they are written in a way that make them accessible. I have in fact also read articles about the subject in peer-reviewed magazines and fairly technical books, but this isn't a forum for paleontologists and geologists, so that kind of material doesn't belong here. But let me say, I have been through a university study of literature and French (and unofficially also some other languages). I have been at the forefront of at least one science there, and not one of the most fluffy - grammar is the nearest thing to real science in the humanities department, and even there you won't escape nonsense and errors. I understand why university professors warn against the use of anonymous sources, but a famous name or a peer review is not necessarily a guarantee against errors or misleading statements or bias. Edited by Iversen on 18 February 2009 at 10:29pm 1 person has voted this message useful |
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