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Most English resistant language | ||
Tags: Purism | ||
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 Language Learning Forum : General discussion |  | |
| irrationale Tetraglot Senior Member China Joined 6048 days ago 669 posts - 1023 votes  2 sounds Speaks: English*, Spanish, Mandarin, Tagalog Studies: Ancient Greek, Japanese | Message 1 of 42 18 October 2009 at 6:35am | IP Logged |
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I'm looking for a language that is resistant to English, that refuses to incorporate loanwords, yet has a very sizable and technical vocabulary. I'm looking for a language with the chutzpah, the tenacity, and perhaps the sheer audacity to look English in the face and say "nope" (or whatever their words for nope is).
Chinese is the only one I can think of. What other languages belong to this brave band of brothers? 2 persons have voted this message useful | |
| Lemus Diglot Senior Member United States Joined 6379 days ago 232 posts - 266 votes Speaks: English*, Spanish Studies: Japanese, Russian, German | Message 2 of 42 18 October 2009 at 6:44am | IP Logged |
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I don't think the language exists that refuses to incorperate loanwords. That would really defy how language operates. Even Latin has loanwords from English for new sorts of technology.
If a language did exist, it would need limited sounds availible so that anything that came into it from English would have to be horribly mangled or otherwise changed to fit. 1 person has voted this message useful | |
| Captain Haddock Diglot Senior Member Japan kanjicabinet.tumblr. Joined 6766 days ago 2282 posts - 2814 votes Speaks: English*, Japanese Studies: French, Korean, Ancient Greek | Message 3 of 42 18 October 2009 at 7:21am | IP Logged |
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Icelandic comes to mind. (I know very little about Icelandic, but I've heard they invent their own terms
for a lot of things, like computers, that other languages usually borrow.) Edited by Captain Haddock on 18 October 2009 at 7:22am 1 person has voted this message useful | |
| Envinyatar Diglot Senior Member Guatemala Joined 5534 days ago 147 posts - 240 votes Speaks: Spanish*, English Studies: Modern Hebrew | Message 4 of 42 18 October 2009 at 7:44am | IP Logged |
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Languages are very resistant, language users are not =)
For example, Spanish has invented words for almost everything that usually comes from English, even technological stuff. Examples: ordenador, balompié, cibercharlar. But in the practice (at least here in Latin America) if you use those words in your everyday speech you are considered a snob so loanwords are used instead. For the words mentioned before we use: computadora, futbol and chatear. 1 person has voted this message useful | |
| administrator Hexaglot Forum Admin Switzerland FXcuisine.com Joined 7374 days ago 3094 posts - 2987 votes 12 sounds Speaks: French*, EnglishC2, German, Italian, Spanish, Russian Personal Language Map | Message 5 of 42 18 October 2009 at 8:07am | IP Logged |
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I just added "purism" as a tag for this thread, based on a discussion by Gethin and Gunnemark about the reluctance of some languages, such as Finnish, to borrow words from other languages (p. 175). Look up this book for more on that topic.
2 persons have voted this message useful | |
| YoshiYoshi Senior Member China Joined 5529 days ago 143 posts - 205 votes Speaks: Mandarin* | Message 7 of 42 18 October 2009 at 8:23am | IP Logged |
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1. transliteration（音译）：
比基尼-bikini，马拉松-Marathon，高尔夫-golf，沙 龙-salon，色拉-salad，布丁-pudding，三明治-sandwi ch，汉堡包-hamburger，比萨-pizza，巧克力-chocolat e，柠檬-lemon，白兰地-brandy，威士忌-whisky，雪 茄-cigar，芭蕾-ballet，迪斯科-disco，探戈-tango ，伦巴-rumba，摩登-modern，摩托-motor，坦克-tank ，法西斯-Fascist，雷达-radar，吉他-guitar，扑克 -poker，尼龙-nylon，拷贝-copy，蒙太奇-montage, 荷尔蒙-hormone，吗啡-morphine，尼古丁-nicotine， 休克-shock，木乃伊-mummy，歇斯底里-hysteria，阿 司匹林-aspirin，艾滋病-AIDS，酷-cool，声纳-sonar ，克隆-clone. 2. free translation（意译）： 快餐-fast food，自助餐-self-service，鸡尾酒-cocktail，绿色 食品-green food，超市-supermarket，连锁店-chain store，交谊舞-social dance，狐步舞-foxtrot，霹雳舞-break dance，寻呼机-beeper，移动电话/手机-mobile phone，光碟/光盘-CD(compact disc)，传真-fax，软件-software，数字通讯-digital communication，机器人-robot，飞碟-flying saucer，信息高速公路-information superhighway，多媒体-multimedia，试管婴儿-test-tube baby，智商-IQ(intelligence quotient)，情商-EQ(emotion quotient)，热线-hot line，人工智能-AI(artificial intelligence)，白领-white collar，蓝领-blue collar，冷战-cold war，第三产业-third industry，传销-multi-level marketing，洗钱-money laundering，代沟-generation gap，同性恋-homosexuality，黑色幽默-black humor，洗脑-brain washing，绿卡-green card，语言数据库-language database，知识产权-intellectual property，冲浪-surfing，仿生学-bionics，安乐死-eu thanasia，软着陆-soft landing，贸易竞争-trade war. 3. by both pronunciation and meaning（音意兼顾）： 霓虹-neon，俱乐部-club，踢踏舞-tap dance，蹦极跳-bungee jumping，嬉皮士-hippie，雅皮士-yuppie，托福-TOEFL ，基因-gene，脱口秀-talk show，佳能-Canon，奔驰-Benz，米老鼠-Mickey Mouse，X光-X ray，因特网-Internet，可口可乐-Coca-Cola，黑客 or 骇客-hacker，镭射-laser，百事可乐-Pepsi Cola，迷你裙-miniskirt，T恤衫-T shirt。 2 persons have voted this message useful | |
| Captain Haddock Diglot Senior Member Japan kanjicabinet.tumblr. Joined 6766 days ago 2282 posts - 2814 votes Speaks: English*, Japanese Studies: French, Korean, Ancient Greek | Message 8 of 42 18 October 2009 at 8:43am | IP Logged |
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Also consider that some languages only borrow certain kinds of words. Japanese is known for its rampant noun
borrowing — half its nouns come from Chinese, and 5% or more come from European languages — but it has borrowed practically nothing in the way of verbs, adjectives, or adverbs. The only borrowed verb I can think of is saboru, which comes from French and means "to play truant" in Japanese. (English, by contrast, borrowed half its nouns and verbs and most of its prepositions from French after the Norman conquest.) 4 persons have voted this message useful |
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