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Chung at work / Chung pri práci | ||
Tags: Azerbaijani | Uzbek | Turkic languages | Uralic Languages | Slovak | Comic Strip/Cartoon | Serbian | Serbo-Croatian | Ukrainian | Croatian | Endangered Language | Linguistics | Hungarian | Finnish | Turkish | Polish | Korean | ||
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 Language Learning Forum : Language Learning Log |  | |
| sans-serif Tetraglot Senior Member Finland Joined 4565 days ago 298 posts - 470 votes  Speaks: Finnish*, English, German, Swedish Studies: Danish | Message 241 of 541 06 January 2013 at 7:06pm | IP Logged | |||||
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(The short answer is I have no idea, so don't quote me on this)
I don't remember ever confusing a pair of words like that, at least. My guess is that it's not very common to needlessly stretch the last A in speech, and the few times it does happen, the case can be deduced from the context. As for informal online Finnish, people mostly stretch out the nominative ihana, I think. Edited by sans-serif on 06 January 2013 at 7:10pm 1 person has voted this message useful | ||||||
| Chung Diglot Senior Member Joined 7162 days ago 4228 posts - 8259 votes 20 sounds Speaks: English*, French Studies: Polish, Slovak, Uzbek, Turkish, Korean, Finnish | Message 242 of 541 11 January 2013 at 6:31am | IP Logged | |||||
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POLISH
I finished Chapter 10 of "Polish in 4 weeks - II". The main topics for grammar involved dative plural, the declension of the reflexive pronoun (się), and accusative/genitive forms of cardinal numerals. The focus for vocabulary involved phrases or words for character traits. 
(From Zbity z tropu: Mówisz - myślisz) 1) "[When] you say "ski jumping", you think Adam Małysz" 2) "[When] you say "cross country skiing", you think Justyna Kowalczyk" 3) "[When] you say "swimming", you think Otylia Jędzrejczak" 4) "[When] you say "basketball", you think Marcin Gortat" 5) "[When] you say "soccer", you think..." 6) "Ғц¢ќ!" Convention for unfamiliar (to me) vocabulary in the comic strip (i.e. needed to consult a dictionary) NOUNS & ADJECTIVES: nominative singular (nominative plural, genitive singular) VERBS (where applicable using convention of imperfective > perfective): infinitive (1st person singular present tense, 2nd person singular present tense) ADVERBS & INTERJECTIONS: no extra information given *** SLOVAK I did my week's allotment of at least 3 pages from my course "Hovorme spolu po slovensky! B - Slovenčina ako cudzí jazyk" by working through pgs. 9-12 of the 1st textbook. I did exercises involving nominative plural and declension of the relative pronoun ktorý "that, which, who". Since only the course's exercise book has an answer key, I'm curious to see how I fared with one of the textbook's exercises.
(From Shooty - ...som Grogy via Snow Cherries from France) 3) "Was your homework erased by the bad boys?!" 4) "On the steep bank waaaalked Katyusha, On the hiiiigh sssssteep bank." [Russian] (See here for more information on this folk-like song from the USSR and here for a performance) 7) "Get up! You slept in!" 8) "Dad, we have to go to school!" 9) "Noooooot to school!!! Noooooo!!!" gumovať > vygumovať (-uje, -ujú > -uje, -ujú) "to rub out" Convention for unfamiliar vocabulary in the comic strip (i.e. needed to consult a dictionary) NOUNS & ADJECTIVES: nominative singular (genitive singular) VERBS (where applicable using convention of imperfective > perfective): infinitive (3rd person singular present tense, 3rd person plural present tense) ADVERBS & INTERJECTIONS: no extra information given *** UKRAINIAN I finished Unit 17 of "Teach Yourself Ukrainian". The unit's dialogues and notes introduced formally the formation of the imperative which I've noted here under "Difficulties" is quite complex to form, alternation of vowels (including fleeting vowels) in declension, and words that are either singular or plural only (e.g. відпочинок "vacation" (sing. only), дебати "debate" (plur. only)) *** OTHER LANGUAGES I haven't worked on other languages since my previous entry, and with a couple of evening classes restarting by next week (including the Ukrainian ones), I expect to have less time during the workweek to study my languages (or at least the frequency that I can put down entries will lessen a bit). I'm starting to think that after having finished "Teach Yourself Ukrainian" in the coming week I'll start to study Ukrainian independently similarly to how I'm working on Slovak. Namely I'll do 3-5 pages worth of exercises per week from "Modern Ukrainian" which should neatly supplement whatever I get from my Ukrainian classes. ______ 
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| maxval Pentaglot Senior Member Bulgaria maxval.co.nr Joined 5079 days ago 852 posts - 1577 votes Speaks: Hungarian*, Bulgarian, English, Spanish, Russian Studies: Latin, Modern Hebrew | Message 243 of 541 11 January 2013 at 10:04am | IP Logged | |||||
I dont know whether you study BCMS too, but this is funny:
Translation: "What are these marks?" (Is it called "mark" in English? I am not sure. Or is it called "score"?) Edited by maxval on 11 January 2013 at 10:06am 3 persons have voted this message useful | ||||||
| Chung Diglot Senior Member Joined 7162 days ago 4228 posts - 8259 votes 20 sounds Speaks: English*, French Studies: Polish, Slovak, Uzbek, Turkish, Korean, Finnish | Message 244 of 541 11 January 2013 at 4:57pm | IP Logged | |||||
It's funny that you bring this up since I was leafing through a few courses for BCMS yesterday evening, and finding out how much I could decipher or remember based on my studies of the language from several years ago.
A "mark" is supposed to refer to a discrete figure/percentage be it on an piece of homework or the report card. A "grade" is supposed to be the letter that corresponds to a range of these marks/figures (e.g. A+ is often shorthand for a mark between 90 and 100) (reference: Proz) However colloquially the meanings of the terms are mixed up with a common stereotype that Americans use "grade" more often and even to mean "mark", while Britons and Canadians tend to use "mark" more often than "grade". 3 persons have voted this message useful | ||||||
| maxval Pentaglot Senior Member Bulgaria maxval.co.nr Joined 5079 days ago 852 posts - 1577 votes Speaks: Hungarian*, Bulgarian, English, Spanish, Russian Studies: Latin, Modern Hebrew | Message 245 of 541 11 January 2013 at 6:12pm | IP Logged | |||||
OK, thanks, so grade is a better word for this. It is also interesting to compare the different systems of grades in different countries. There is no unification in this! In Hungary the grade system is between 1 and 5, 1 is the worst, it means failed, so there are 5 possible grades. This has been introduced since after the WWII, before that it was 5 the worst grade, and 1 the best. In Bulgaria it is between 2 and 6, 2 meaning failed, so it is also a 5-grade system, only the numeration is different. The US system seems to be also a 5-grade system, however I dont understand exactly why E is called sometimes F, when - as I know - they mean the same. In Russia there is a 4-grad system: from 2 to 5, 2 meaning failed. 1 person has voted this message useful | ||||||
| hribecek Triglot Senior Member Czech Republic Joined 5355 days ago 1243 posts - 1458 votes Speaks: English*, Czech, Spanish Studies: Italian, Polish, Slovak, Hungarian, Toki Pona, Russian | Message 246 of 541 11 January 2013 at 6:52pm | IP Logged | |||||
In Czech Republic it's 1-5 with 1 being the best and 5 a fail, so the same as Hungary before the war. In England when I was at school it was A-G for GCSE level (at age 16, the last compulsory exams before the option to leave education and go to work.) A was the best. Then there was also U meaning fail or "ungraded". I don't know if they still use this system though, I guess so. At A level (age 16-18) it is A-E (A the best) with an N after that which means "near miss" and does actually count for something in university applications and then U. Edited by hribecek on 11 January 2013 at 6:54pm 1 person has voted this message useful | ||||||
| maxval Pentaglot Senior Member Bulgaria maxval.co.nr Joined 5079 days ago 852 posts - 1577 votes Speaks: Hungarian*, Bulgarian, English, Spanish, Russian Studies: Latin, Modern Hebrew | Message 247 of 541 11 January 2013 at 7:15pm | IP Logged | |||||
In Bulgaria the system originally was 6-graded, from 1 to 6, however 1 and 2 have been unified, this is the reason. For Russia I dont know, but I suppose there may be a similar reason. The name of the grades are also interesting. In the case of Bulgaria you can see from the names that it was originally a 6-grade system. Hungary: 5 - jeles - excellent 4 - jó - good 3 - közepes - medium 2 - elégséges - sufficient 1 - elégtelen - insufficient Bulgaria: 6 - отличен - excellent 5 - много добър - very good 4 - добър - good 3 - среден - medium 2 - слаб - weak Edited by maxval on 11 January 2013 at 7:28pm 2 persons have voted this message useful | ||||||
| TianaTakano Diglot Newbie Russian FederationRegistered users can see my Skype Name Joined 4344 days ago 6 posts - 7 votes Speaks: Russian*, English Studies: Spanish, Italian, Japanese, Polish | Message 248 of 541 12 January 2013 at 7:24pm | IP Logged | |||||
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In Russia, the official grading system in schools is:
5 - пятёрка (отлично) - excellent 4 - четвёрка (хорошо) - good 3 - тройка (удовлетворительно or посредственно) - sufficient 2 - двойка (неудовлетворительно) - insufficient 1 - единица or кол (неудовлетворительно) insufficient Grade '1' does exist, but it is rarely used. Teachers give it when they angry with an unruly student or when the teacher is pissed off that students haven't done their homework again. They prefer giving 1 in such cases, because it is easy to convert it into 4 if the student submits the homework next time or does an additional project to improve the grade. In general, it's true that grades 2 to 5 are mostly used. 2 persons have voted this message useful |
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